行業(yè)資訊
裝載機油壓力過低的11個原因
來源：http://www.loveindg.com/ 日期：2022-07-15
裝載機在工作過程中，如果機油的壓力低于0.2MPa(或隨發(fā)動機轉速變化而忽高忽低)，應立即停機查找原因，待排除故障后方可繼續(xù)工作，否則會釀成燒瓦、拉缸等重大機械事故?，F(xiàn)將機油壓力過低的主要原因介紹如下。
During the operation of the loader, if the oil pressure is lower than 0.2MPa (or rises and falls with the change of engine speed), stop the machine immediately to find out the cause, and continue to work after troubleshooting, otherwise major mechanical accidents such as Bush burning and cylinder pulling will occur. The main reasons for low oil pressure are introduced as follows.
(1)機油油量不足
(1) Insufficient oil
若機油油量不足，會使機油泵的泵油量減少，導致機油壓力下降，加劇曲軸與軸承、缸套與活塞的磨損。
If the oil quantity is insufficient, the oil quantity of the oil pump will be reduced, resulting in the decrease of the oil pressure, which will aggravate the wear of the crankshaft and bearings, cylinder liners and pistons.
(2)發(fā)動機溫度過高
(2) Engine temperature too high
若發(fā)動機溫度過高，不但加速機油老化、變質，也容易使機油變稀，導致油壓下降。
If the engine temperature is too high, it will not only accelerate the aging and deterioration of the oil, but also easily dilute the oil, resulting in a drop in oil pressure.
(3)機油泵停轉或泵油量不足
(3) The oil pump stops running or the pump oil volume is insufficient
機油泵的驅動齒輪與驅動軸的固定銷斷裂或配合鍵脫落，以及機油泵吸入異物而將泵油齒輪卡住，都會使機油泵停止運轉，機油壓力也隨之降為0。當機油泵泵軸與襯套之間的間隙、齒輪端面與泵蓋的間隙、齒側間隙或徑向間隙因磨損而超過允許值時，都會導致泵油量減少，造成機油壓力下降的后果。
The fracture of the fixed pin between the drive gear of the oil pump and the drive shaft or the falling off of the matching key, as well as the seizure of the pump gear due to the suction of foreign matters by the oil pump, will stop the operation of the oil pump and reduce the oil pressure to 0. When the clearance between the oil pump shaft and bushing, the clearance between the gear end face and the pump cover, the tooth side clearance or radial clearance exceeds the allowable value due to wear, it will lead to the reduction of pump oil volume and the result of oil pressure drop.
(4)曲軸與連桿軸承配合間隙過大
(4) The fit clearance between crankshaft and connecting rod bearing is too large
發(fā)動機長期使用后，曲軸與連桿軸承的配合間隙會逐漸增大，機油壓力也隨著下降。
After long-term use of the engine, the fit clearance between the crankshaft and connecting rod bearings will gradually increase, and the oil pressure will also decrease.
(5)機油濾油器堵塞
(5) Blocked oil filter
當機油因濾油器堵塞而不能流通時，設在濾油器底座上的安全閥就被頂開，機油便不經過濾而直接進入主油道。如果安全閥的開啟壓力調得過高，濾油器被堵塞時，安全閥就不能及時打開，于是機油泵壓力升高，內漏增加，主油道供油量減少，引起油壓下降。
When the oil cannot flow due to the blockage of the oil filter, the safety valve on the base of the oil filter is pushed open, and the oil will enter the main oil passage directly without filtration. If the opening pressure of the safety valve is adjusted too high, the safety valve cannot be opened in time when the oil filter is blocked, so the pressure of the oil pump increases, the internal leakage increases, and the oil supply of the main oil passage decreases, causing the oil pressure to drop.
(6)回油閥損壞或失靈
(6) The oil return valve is damaged or out of order
若回油閥彈簧疲勞軟化或調整不當，閥座與的配合面磨損或被臟物卡住而關閉不嚴時，回油量便明顯增加，主油道的油壓也會隨之下降。
If the spring of the oil return valve is fatigued and softened or improperly adjusted, and the mating surface of the valve seat and is worn or stuck by dirt and cannot be closed tightly, the oil return volume will increase significantly, and the oil pressure of the main oil passage will also decrease.
(7)機油散熱器或管路漏油
(7) Oil leakage from oil radiator or pipeline
機油散熱器及管路漏油，會使油壓下降。管路若被臟物堵塞，也會因阻力增大而使油的流量減少、油壓下降。
The oil radiator and pipeline leak oil, which will reduce the oil pressure. If the pipeline is blocked by dirt, the oil flow will decrease and the oil pressure will decrease due to the increase of resistance.
(8)油壓傳感器失靈或油管堵塞
(8) Oil pressure sensor failure or oil pipe blockage
若油壓傳感器失靈，或由主油道至油壓傳感器的油管因污垢積聚而流通不暢時，油壓表將顯示機油壓力下降。
If the oil pressure sensor fails, or the oil pipe from the main oil passage to the oil pressure sensor is blocked due to dirt accumulation, the oil pressure gauge will show that the oil pressure drops.
(9)吸油盤堵塞
(9) Oil suction cup blocked
機油若過臟、過黏，就容易堵塞吸油盤。當發(fā)動機小油門低速運轉時，機油泵吸油量不大，主油道尚能建立起一定的壓力，油壓會正常;但當加大油門高速運轉時，機油泵的吸油量會因吸盤阻力過大而明顯減少，進而造成機油壓力表的顯示值下降。
If the oil is too dirty and sticky, it is easy to block the oil suction pan. When the engine runs at a low speed with a small throttle, the oil pump does not absorb much oil, and a certain pressure can be established in the main oil passage, and the oil pressure will be normal; However, when the throttle is increased and the engine operates at a high speed, the oil suction capacity of the oil pump will be significantly reduced due to excessive suction cup resistance, resulting in a decrease in the displayed value of the oil pressure gauge.
(10)機油牌號不對或質量不合格
(10) Wrong brand or unqualified quality of engine oil
不同型號的發(fā)動機須添加不同的機油，同種機型在不同的季節(jié)也應采用不同牌號的機油。如果機油牌號不對，發(fā)動機運轉時會因機油黏度太低而加大泄漏量，從而使油壓降低。
Different types of engine oil must be added, and the same type of engine oil should also use different brands in different seasons. If the oil grade is wrong, the leakage will be increased due to the low viscosity of the oil when the engine is running, thus reducing the oil pressure.
(11)調壓閥設定壓力偏低
(11) The set pressure of pressure regulating valve is low
濟南裝載機租賃廠家認為如果調壓閥設定油壓低，機油就不能有效地輸送到各潤滑部位，從而發(fā)生機械故障。如果油壓過高，就會增加油耗，給機油泵和潤滑部位增加負荷，損壞油路密封件并引發(fā)機油泄漏。
Jinan loader rental manufacturer believes that if the pressure regulating valve is set with low oil pressure, the oil can not be effectively delivered to all lubricating parts, resulting in mechanical failure. If the oil pressure is too high, it will increase the fuel consumption, increase the load on the oil pump and lubricating parts, damage the oil circuit seals and cause oil leakage.
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